Aviation Terms and Definitions

ILS holding position sign ATC may hold you at this sign when the instrument landing system is being used at the airport. SIGMET An in-flight weather advisory that is considered significant to all aircraft. SIGMET criteria include severe icing, severe and extreme turbulence, duststorms, sandstorms, volcanic eruptions, and volcanic ash that lower visibility to less than 3 miles. Anti-icing Is turned on before the flight enters icing conditions. Typically this includes carburetor heat, prop heat, pitot eat, fuel vent heat, windshield heat, and fluid surface deicers (in some cases). Then when the boots deflate, a “bridge” of ice remains that cannot be shed during the next inflation cycle. Although some residual ice may remain after a boot Taxi to—hold short A clearance to begin taxiing, but enroute to the taxi clearance limit you must hold short of another taxiway or a crossing runway as specified by the controller. Adjustable-Pitch Propeller A propeller with blades whose pitch can be adjusted on the ground with the engine not running, but which cannot be adjusted in flight. Also referred to as a ground adjustable propeller. Sometimes also used to refer to onstant-speed propellers that are adjustable in flight. Carburetor icing affects engines with carburetors, and air intake blockage, which affects both carbureted and fuelinjected engines. The “Blossom Effect” Motion is invaluable in drawing the eye’s attention. Yet two aircraft on a collision course will appear virtually motionless to each other, maintaining a constant relative bearing. Trace Ice becomes perceptible. Rate of accumulation is slightly greater than the rate of sublimation. Vestibular Illusions In the absence of visual reference, we rely on our vestibular system to keep us oriented. But as previously explained, this system is totally unreliable for this purpose when in motion. Induction System Ice Not all aircraft ice is structural; induction icing is the cause of many accidents.

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	Did You Know?
	Private pilots must be at least 17 years old and have a minimum of 40 hours of flight time The actual average is about 65 hours), including 20 hours of instruction and 10 hours solo. Pilots trained according to accelerated curricula defined in Part 141 of the Federal Aviation Regulations may be certified with a minimum of 35 hours. Private pilots may not fly for hire but may share equally with their passengers the direct expenses of a flight – specifically, fuel, oil, airport transient parking/landing fees, and aircraft rental charges.